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Added plsql code blocks for P1, P2, P3 (sqlplus).

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Practical/Practical Exam/PL-SQL/P1 - PL-SQL.md Normal file
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# P1 - PL-SQL code
**Problem Statement:** Write a PL/SQL code block to calculate the area of a circle for a value of radius varying from 5 to 9. Store the radius and the corresponding values of calculated area in an empty table named areas, consisting of two columns, radius and area.
---
## Procedure
```plsql
DECLARE
radius NUMBER;
area NUMBER;
nodata EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Enter radius: ');
radius := &radius; -- for Live SQL, specify a value. Eg. radius := 5;
IF NOT (radius BETWEEN 5 AND 9) THEN
raise nodata;
END IF;
area := 3.14 * radius * radius;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Area of circle with radius ' || radius || ' cm is ' || area || ' sq.cm.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN nodata THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Radius should be between 5 and 9.');
END;
/
```
---

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Practical/Practical Exam/PL-SQL/P2 - Unnamed PL-SQL.md Normal file
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# P2 - Unamed PL-SQL
**Problem Statement:**
Write an Unnamed PL/SQL of code for the following requirements: -
Schema:
Borrower (Rollin, Name, DateofIssue, NameofBook, Status)
Fine (Roll_no,Date,Amt)
Accept roll_no & name of book from user.
Check the number of days (from date of issue).
1. If days are between 15 to 30 then fine amounts will be Rs 5 per
day.
2. If no. of days>30, per day fine will be Rs 50 per day & for days
less than 30, Rs. 5 per day.
3. After submitting the book, status will change from I to R.
4. If condition of fine is true, then details will be stored into
fine table.
---
## Creating tables
```plsql
CREATE TABLE Borrower (
rollin NUMBER,
Name VARCHAR2(255),
DateofIssue DATE,
NameofBook VARCHAR2(255),
Status VARCHAR(255),
PRIMARY KEY (rollin)
);
CREATE TABLE Fine (
Roll_no NUMBER,
DateofReturn DATE,
Amt NUMBER,
FOREIGN KEY (Roll_no) REFERENCES Borrower (rollin)
);
```
> [!WARNING]
> Notice inconsistent naming for columns? We're just doing it by the books. Blame the one who made these [problem statements](https://git.kska.io/sppu-te-comp-content/DatabaseManagementSystems/src/branch/main/Practical/Practical%20Exam/DBMSL%20-%20Problem%20Statements%20for%20Practical%20Exam%20%28November%202024%29.pdf).
## Inserting data
```plsql
INSERT INTO Borrower VALUES (1, 'Kalas', TO_DATE('2024-10-19', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 'DBMS', 'I');
INSERT INTO Borrower VALUES (2, 'Himanshu', TO_DATE('2024-11-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 'IOT', 'I');
INSERT INTO Borrower VALUES (3, 'Mepa', TO_DATE('2024-10-29', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 'TOC', 'I');
INSERT INTO Borrower VALUES (4, 'Jambo', TO_DATE('2024-10-20', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 'CNS', 'I');
```
## Procedure
```plsql
DECLARE
p_roll NUMBER;
p_book VARCHAR2(255);
p_issueDate DATE;
totalDays INT;
fineAmt INT;
nodata EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Enter roll number: ');
p_roll := &p_roll; -- specify value directly for Live SQL. Eg.: p_roll := 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Enter book name: ');
p_book := &p_book; -- specify value directly for Live SQL. Eg.: p_roll := 'DBMS';
IF (p_roll <= 0) THEN
RAISE nodata;
END IF;
SELECT DateofIssue INTO p_issueDate FROM Borrower WHERE rollin = p_roll AND NameofBook = p_book;
SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE) - p_issueDate INTO totalDays FROM dual;
IF (totalDays > 30) THEN
fineAmt := (15 * 5) + ((totalDays - 15) * 50); -- Rs 5 for first 15 days, Rs 50 for remaining
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Roll no. ' || p_roll || ' has been fined Rs. ' || fineAmt);
INSERT INTO Fine VALUES (p_roll, SYSDATE, fineAmt);
UPDATE Borrower SET Status = 'R' WHERE Rollin = p_roll AND NameofBook = p_book;
ELSIF (totalDays BETWEEN 15 AND 30) THEN
fineAmt := totalDays * 5;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Roll no. '|| p_roll || ' has been fined Rs. ' || fineAmt);
INSERT INTO Fine VALUES (p_roll, SYSDATE, fineAmt);
UPDATE Borrower SET Status = 'R' WHERE Rollin = p_roll AND NameofBook = p_book;
ELSE
fineAmt := 0;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No fine for roll no. '|| p_roll);
INSERT INTO Fine VALUES (p_roll, SYSDATE, fineAmt);
UPDATE Borrower SET Status = 'R' WHERE Rollin = p_roll AND NameofBook = p_book;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN nodata THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Please enter a valid roll number.');
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Something went wrong. Please check input data.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occured. Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/
```
---

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# P3 - Cursor
**Problem Statement:** Write a PL/SQL block of code using Cursor that will merge the data available in the newly created table N_Roll Call with the data available in the table O_RollCall. If the data in the first table already exist in the second table, then that data should be skipped.
---
## Creating tables
```plsql
CREATE TABLE O_RollCall (
roll NUMBER NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR2(255),
class VARCHAR2(255)
);
CREATE TABLE N_RollCall (
roll NUMBER NOT NULL,
name VARCHAR2(255),
class VARCHAR2(255)
);
```
## Inserting values
```plsql
INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (2, 'Eddie', 'COMP-2');
INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (3, 'Foxy', 'COMP-1');
INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (5, 'Stomp', 'COMP-3');
INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (1, 'Stewie', 'COMP-1');
INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (2, 'Eddie', 'COMP-2');
INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (3, 'Foxy', 'COMP-1');
INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (4, 'Lara', 'COMP-3');
INSERT INTO N_RollCall VALUES (5, 'Stomp', 'COMP-3');
```
## Procedure
```plsql
DECLARE
p_roll NUMBER;
p_name VARCHAR2(255);
p_class VARCHAR2(255);
CURSOR c1 IS SELECT * FROM N_RollCall WHERE roll NOT IN (SELECT roll FROM O_RollCall);
BEGIN
OPEN c1;
LOOP
FETCH c1 INTO p_roll, p_name, p_class;
INSERT INTO O_RollCall VALUES (p_roll, p_name, p_class);
EXIT WHEN c1%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Inserted ' || p_name || ' having roll no. ' || p_roll || ' in class ' || p_class || '.');
END LOOP;
CLOSE c1;
END;
/
```
---